Hydration × flour

70% Hydration All-Purpose Flour

Medium cells with some larger bubbles. Noticeable holes appearing. Chewy, moist, balanced.

✓ Within All-Purpose Flour's workable range (6072%)

Is 70% hydration right for All-Purpose Flour?

All-Purpose Flour's workable hydration range is 6072%. Its absorption multiplier is 0.97× bread flour. At 70%, you are in the sweet spot — the dough will handle predictably and produce the crumb described above.

Absorption math for All-Purpose Flour at 70%

A recipe written for bread flour at 70% hydration, when substituted with 100% All-Purpose Flour, becomes 68% effective hydration (because All-Purpose Flour absorbs 3% less water). Shorter autolyse (20-30 min) — longer autolyses over-soften the gluten. Fewer stretch-and-folds (2-3 sets) to avoid tearing the weaker gluten structure. Best for beginner hydration range 65-70%.

Technique at 70% hydration

Dough becomes visibly softer and stickier. Use wet hands or bench scraper. Starts requiring more careful handling to avoid degassing. Autolyse 45-60 min helps develop structure.

Calculator pre-set to 70%

Weights below assume 100% All-Purpose Flour. For blends, use the main calculator on a recipe page.

Flour to add
450 g
Water to add
300 g
Salt
10 g
Levain @ 100%
100 g
Total dough
860 g
Effective hydration
70%
How the math works

Total water = flour × hydration %. Your levain contributes 50 g flour + 50 g water — both count toward the totals. You add only the remainder as fresh flour and water.

Salt % is computed on total flour weight, not final-dough flour.

Open 70% hydration guide →

Sources: King Arthur Baking — All-Purpose Flour product specifications; Hamelman, Bread (3rd ed.); Robertson, Tartine Bread.