Hydration × flour

70% Hydration All-Purpose Flour

Medium cells with some larger bubbles. Noticeable holes appearing. Chewy, moist, balanced.

✓ Within All-Purpose Flour's workable range (6072%)

Is 70% hydration right for All-Purpose Flour?

All-Purpose Flour's workable hydration range is 6072%. Its absorption multiplier is 0.97× bread flour. At 70%, you are in the sweet spot — the dough will handle predictably and produce the crumb described above.

Absorption math for All-Purpose Flour at 70%

A recipe written for bread flour at 70% hydration, when substituted with 100% All-Purpose Flour, becomes 68% effective hydration (because All-Purpose Flour absorbs 3% less water). Shorter autolyse (20-30 min) — longer autolyses over-soften the gluten. Fewer stretch-and-folds (2-3 sets) to avoid tearing the weaker gluten structure. Best for beginner hydration range 65-70%.

Technique at 70% hydration

Dough becomes visibly softer and stickier. Use wet hands or bench scraper. Starts requiring more careful handling to avoid degassing. Autolyse 45-60 min helps develop structure.

Worked water math for a 500 g batch

All-Purpose Flour ingredient weights for 500 g flour at 70% hydration
All-Purpose Flour500 g (100%)
Water350 g (70%)
Salt10 g (2%)

Add your levain on top of these weights; the calculator below subtracts the flour and water it already contributes so the bench numbers land at 70% exactly.

What All-Purpose Flour gives you at 70%

At 70% hydration you can expect an open, custardy crumb with irregular holes and good chew. A medium dough: three to four sets of stretch-and-folds in the first two hours build the structure, and a light dusting of flour is enough for shaping. It handles predictably.

All-Purpose Flour at 70% — FAQ

How much water do I use for All-Purpose Flour at 70% hydration?

Multiply the flour weight by 0.7. For a 500 g batch of All-Purpose Flour that's 350 g water, plus about 10 g salt (2%). All-Purpose Flour absorbs 0.97× as much water as white bread flour, so it will feel a touch wetter than the 70% number suggests.

Is 70% hydration right for All-Purpose Flour?

Yes — All-Purpose Flour's workable range is 60–72%, and 70% sits inside it, so the dough handles predictably and gives an open, custardy crumb with irregular holes and good chew.

What crumb will All-Purpose Flour at 70% give me?

Expect an open, custardy crumb with irregular holes and good chew. Medium cells with some larger bubbles. Noticeable holes appearing. Chewy, moist, balanced.

Is All-Purpose Flour at 70% beginner-friendly?

This hydration is rated intermediate. A medium dough: three to four sets of stretch-and-folds in the first two hours build the structure, and a light dusting of flour is enough for shaping. It handles predictably.

Calculator pre-set to 70%

Weights below assume 100% All-Purpose Flour. For blends, use the main calculator on a recipe page.

Flour to add
450 g
Water to add
300 g
Salt
10 g
Levain @ 100%
100 g
Total dough
860 g
Effective hydration
70%
How the math works

Total water = flour × hydration %. Your levain contributes 50 g flour + 50 g water — both count toward the totals. You add only the remainder as fresh flour and water.

Salt % is computed on total flour weight, not final-dough flour.

Open 70% hydration guide →

Sources: King Arthur Baking — All-Purpose Flour product specifications; Hamelman, Bread (3rd ed.); Robertson, Tartine Bread.