Hydration × flour

82% Hydration All-Purpose Flour

Classic ciabatta crumb — very irregular large holes, glossy interior, thin crackling crust. Maximum open-crumb for hearth shapes.

⚠ Outside All-Purpose Flour's typical range (6072%) — read below for handling

Is 82% hydration right for All-Purpose Flour?

All-Purpose Flour's workable hydration range is 6072%. Its absorption multiplier is 0.97× bread flour. 82% is above All-Purpose Flour's typical range. The dough will be slack and may not hold shape in a free-form hearth loaf. Either reduce hydration to 72%, or blend All-Purpose Flour (40–60%) with bread flour for structural support.

Absorption math for All-Purpose Flour at 82%

A recipe written for bread flour at 82% hydration, when substituted with 100% All-Purpose Flour, becomes 80% effective hydration (because All-Purpose Flour absorbs 3% less water). Shorter autolyse (20-30 min) — longer autolyses over-soften the gluten. Fewer stretch-and-folds (2-3 sets) to avoid tearing the weaker gluten structure. Best for beginner hydration range 65-70%.

Technique at 82% hydration

Dough is nearly batter-like. Hand-stretch on heavily floured surface; cut into rectangles with bench scraper. No shaping, no slashing. Bake on stone with initial steam.

Calculator pre-set to 82%

Weights below assume 100% All-Purpose Flour. For blends, use the main calculator on a recipe page.

Flour to add
450 g
Water to add
360 g
Salt
10 g
Levain @ 100%
100 g
Total dough
920 g
Effective hydration
82%
How the math works

Total water = flour × hydration %. Your levain contributes 50 g flour + 50 g water — both count toward the totals. You add only the remainder as fresh flour and water.

Salt % is computed on total flour weight, not final-dough flour.

Open 80% hydration guide →

Sources: King Arthur Baking — All-Purpose Flour product specifications; Hamelman, Bread (3rd ed.); Robertson, Tartine Bread.